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Synthetic Biomarkers in Cancer: A New Frontier in Precision Oncology and Early Cancer Detection

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  Synthetic Biomarkers in Cancer: A New Frontier in Precision Oncology and Early Cancer Detection Cancer detection is increasingly moving toward technologies that can identify disease earlier, characterize tumors more precisely, and provide clinically useful information with less invasive testing. Conventional biomarkers such as proteins, nucleic acids, circulating tumor DNA, and other tumor-derived signals have transformed cancer diagnosis and monitoring. However, early-stage tumors can release extremely small quantities of detectable material, making early disease difficult to identify through naturally occurring biomarkers alone. Synthetic biomarkers in cancer represent an emerging approach designed to address this challenge. Instead of relying only on signals naturally released by a tumor, synthetic biomarker systems can be engineered to interact with specific biological features of a tumor and generate a detectable signal that can be measured in an accessible biofluid suc...